Method of and apparatus for making paper



Aug. 11, 1931. A. M. HINKSON 1,818,712

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER Filed March 1,. 1926 (Rho mmPatented Aug. 11, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ADELBERT M. HINKSON,OF MADAWASKA, MAINE, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO PAPER MACHINERYCORPORATION, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO METHOD OF ANDAPPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER Application filed March 1, 1926. Serial No.91,495. v

This invention relates to the manufacture of paper, and particularly tothat portlon of the manufacture which-has to do with the forming of thepaper making fibres into a sheet.

This invention has to do particularly with that method of making paperin which paper making stock is brought onto a wlre, lateral spread ofthe stock being limited to secure c the formation of a sheet of paper ofthe desired width. And one ofthe principal objects of the invention isto provide a method of controlling the lateral spread of the stock, inwhich the cumbersome and objectlonable '15 deckle straps heretofore usedare completely dispensed with, and the desired control of the lateralspread is effected in a very slmple and yet effective manner.

Another object of the inventionis to prose vide apparatus for carryingout thls method.

Other objects and advantages of the nvention will be apparent from thedescrlption thereof set out below, when taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings.

Although the invention is, of course, not necessarily so limited, asshowing a preferred embodiment it is illustrated in connection with aFourdrinier type of paper making machine,in which the paper formingstock comprising suitable fibrous materials suspended in water is flowedonto a movlng wire, through which the water of the stock escapes leavingthe fibres, suitably interlaced, to form the desired sheet of paper. Andin the drawings,in which such preferred embodiment is illustrated, andin which like characters of reference designate like parts throughoutthe several views thereof Fig. 1 is a side elevation, with some partsremoved to more clearly illustrate the construction, of the breast rollend of a Fourdrinier machine, comprising apparatus con? structed inaccordance with the present invention- Fig. 2 is a plan view, with partsbroken away to more clearly illustrate the invention, of the apparatusshown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a detail enlarged vertical sectional view, along the line 33of Fig. 1. p

In the conventional type of F ourdrinier ing the wire at such an anglethat the rate offlow of the stock under the action of gravity will be atsubstantially the speed of the wire. Or it may. be done by the use ofwhat is generally known in the trade as a FVoith inlet; in which thepaper forming stock is flowed onto the wire through an orifice, undersuch head that its velocity of flow as it passes through the orifice issubstantially the same 'as the speed of travel of the wire.

For purposes of description the invention is illustrated herein inconnection with a Fourdrinier paper forming part, having an inlet of theVoith type. In the drawings the numeral 10 designates the traveling wirethe numeral 11 designating the breast roll, which is at the stock inletend of the F ourdrinier part and which is designated generally by thenumeral 12. The other end of the wire, of course, is supported in theusual manner by a couch roll, there being suitable table rolls 13,tension rolls (not shown), and the like, the particular construction ofwhich is of noespecial moment in so far as concerns the presentinvention. The wire travels in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 1.

Mounted immediately adjacent the breast roll 11 is the flow box 20, of aVoith inlet. The front wall of this flow box is provided with an openingshown b dotted lines at 21, and extending across the ront of the flowbox. The lower floor of the flow box is extended, as shown by thenumeral 22, to form a lip to partly overhang the breast roll 11. As willbe noted, particularly from Fig. 1, however,this extended floor or lipterminates short of the vertical diameter of the breast roll. Movablymounted along the upper edge of the opening 21 is a plate 23, which maybe swung up or down by means of the mechanism designated generally bythe numeral 24, of well known construction and operable in a well knownmanner, to vary the effective height opening of the delivery orifiee25,through which the paper forming stock escapes from the flow box 20 ontothe wire.

Attached to the front of the fiow box, on each side, is an angular platewhich comprises a back face 30, which is suitably bolted to the frontface of the flow box, a lower face 31 at right angles to the face 30,and which is suitably bolted to the floor extension 22 ofthe flow box,and anupright portion 32, which extends vertically a suificient distanceto completely overlie the end of the movable plate 23, to thus close offthe end of the space between the extension 22 and the plate 23, and soprevent the escape of stock from the flow box, except through theorifice 25. Both the portions 30 and 31 are provided with transverseslots, through which extend bolts 33 by means of which these members arefirmly bolted in place. And by means of this construction these partsmay be moved laterally of the flow box to give the desired nicety ofadjustment. As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the horizontally arrangedmember 31 is substantially co-extensive with the lip 22 and the movableplate 23. But the upright portion 32 extends out a substantial distancebeyond the orifice 25. As will be noted, particularly in Fig. 1, thisextended portion of the vertical member 32 overhangs the breast roll 11,and extends a considerable distance beyond the vertical diameter of thebreast ro Carried by the extended portions of these vertical members 32is an apron 40, which extends entirely across the orifice 25, andcooperates with the lip 22, acting as an extension of that lip so thatthe paper forming stock flowing from the orifice will be delivered uponthe wire from this apron, and thus beyond the vertical diameter of thebreast roll. This apron is preferably attached to the vertical member32, at each end, by means of plates 41, which are suitably held clampedtightly in place by means of bolts 4.2. This apron 10 is preferably offlexible material, such as rubber, which will readily adapt itself tothe face of the wire, without causing material wear. Clamped to theinner face of each member 32, by means of a plate 43, is a flexiblestrip 44, the lower edge of which extends downwardly into contact withthe apron 40.

This arrangement is such that as the paper .forming stock issues fromthe orifice 25 under considerable velocity, due to the head maintainedwithin the flow box 20 it not only flows rapidly across the apron ontothe wire, but adjacent the outer ends of the orifice tends to likewisespread materially at the considerable velocity. It is quite ordinarypractice tooperate paper making machines of this character with a wirespeed of 300 to 500 feet per minuter-and with machines for making newsprint paper it is not at all unusual to have the wire travel at a speedup to 1000 feet per minute. And in each instance the paper forming stockwill be flowed from the orifice under a velocity equal, orapproximating,the speed of travel of the wire. It was the umversal practice in theindustry, prior to the invention of Ralph E. Heisel, which is disclosedin his application 32,688, filed May 25, 1925,,nowlatent No. 1,679,523,granted August 7, 1928, to limit the lateral spread of the stock as itflowed onto the wire, by the use of deckle straps. These deckle strapsconsisted of large rubber straps or belts generally rectangular in crosssection which rested upon the wire and were supported on pulleys atopposite ends of the wire, the straps bemg endless and traveling withthe wire upon the pulleys. Each of these straps constitutes in effect aflexible wall, extending throughout the paper forming part of the wireand limit ing the spread of the stock. The aforesald invention ofHeisel, as disclosed in his appl1- cation above designated, constitutesthe first departure in the industry from this heretofore universalpractice,the first successful method of manufacturing paper without theuse of conventional decking means. In the present invention all meansfor limiting the lateral spread of the stock are dispensed with exceptin the zone immediately adjacent the orifice through which the stock isflowed onto the wire. It will be noted, from the dimensions given above,that positive restraint of the lateral spread of the stock is limited toa zone, a few inches in width, immediately adj acent the orifice throughwhich the stock flows on to the wire. And this limiting of the lateralspread of the stock, just as it flows at considerable velocity from theorifice, is effective to prevent subsequent lateral spread of the stockupon the wire, so that, by limiting 1 the spread of the stock onlywithin the zone which is adjacent the orifice, the ultimate width of thesheet of paper is controlled. The

precise extent beyond the orifice of the limiting parts associatedtherewith may be varied; but very satisfactory results have beenobtained where the parts 32, and the apron 40, extended beyond theorifice only seven to eight inches with a wire speed, ranging from 200feet to 400 feet per minute. l/Vith parts of these dimensions and undersuch wire speeds-completely satisfactory limiting of the spread'of thestock is secured. But these dimensions are intended merely asillustrative of dimensions that have functioned satisfactorily in thecommercial manufacture of paper; and are not meant to be in any way alimitation. For they may be varied-in fact may necessarily have to bevaried with other wire speeds; but naturally a narrow apron is moredesirable than a broader one. But only a few inches is needed to causethe apron to extend beyond the vertical axis of the breast roll.

In actual practice, with a device constructits ed as shown in thedrawings, there seems to be not only a positive limiting of the lateralspread of the stock as it flows at considerable velocity from theorifice, but an actual deflecting of part of the stock back toward thecenter of the wire or the setting up of a swirling motion or wave for asmachines equipped with the device illustrated operate it is noticed thatripples form in the flowing stock which follow substantially the linesshown in Fig. 2, and designated by the numeral B.

As the sheet of formed paper passes over the suction box. and thenceunder the dandy roll, the paper is cut to the desired width and to giveit a clean edge, by means of fine streams of water. But as all thesemembers are well known, and have been heretofore generally used for thesame purpose they are not shown in the drawings and no furtherdescription is thought necessary.

While the form of apparatus herein described constitutes a preferredembodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the inventionis not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and that changes maybe made therein without departing from the scope of the invention whichis defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In the making of paper in apparatus having a forming wire, the methodwhich consists in flowing paper forming stock upon said wire through anorifice and positively limiting lateral spread of stock upon said wireonly within the zone adjacent the orifice.

2. In paper making apparatus adapted to operate without the conventionaldeckle straps, a forming wire, means for flowing paper making stock uponthe wire having an orifice through which the stock flows onto the wire,and means associated with said orifice and forming wire for positivelylimiting lateralspread of the stock upon said wire only within the zoneadjacent the orifice.

'Sr-In the making of paper in apparatus having a forming wire andadapted to operate without the conventional deckle straps, themethodwhich consists in flowing paper forming stock upon the wire through anorifice under substantial velocity and exerting a restraining influenceupon said stock as it flows from the orifice to thereby posi-' tivelylimit lateral spread of the stock upon the Wire only within the zoneadjacent the orifice.

4. In paper making apparatus adapted to operate without the conventionaldeckle straps, a forming wire, means for flowing paper making stockuponthe wire having an orifice through which the stock is flowed on tothe Wire, and extensions associated with said orifice at opposite sidesof the wire and extending out over the wire toexert a restraininginfluence upon the stock passing from the orifice within a limited zoneadj a- ADELBERT M. HINKSON.

